The Myth of Soma In Indian Vedas; With considering Its Iranian Counterpart In Avesta

Maryam Torabparvar, University of Semnan, Iran, ID LLCE2018-332;    Abstract: Indian Soma, named Haom or Haoma in Avestan culture, implies a wonderful plant which has been shrouded in mystery and has put itself among the gods in Indo-Iranian mythology. The existence of this plant-god can be traced back in the most ancient human written works, such as Vedas and Avesta and it is yet to be traced in other texts. From another perspective, Soma cult and rituals are of considerable consideration. By crushing and pressing its stems, a kind of drink is made which is dedicated to gods. The growing importance of this plant and its drink in Zoroastrian religious rituals, shows its brilliant and meta-historical position. This article aims at analyzing the position of Soma in Rig Veda and its unique features. In so doing, it takes a look at Iranian Homa in Avesta and finally examines different researchers’ points of views in this regard. Based on these  findings, it can be understood that the ancient Soma/Homa does not only have unique cultural and religious features, but is also a powerful element that by going through different changes and also leaving a huge impact, has been able to keep its function and vitality throughout history.

Keywords: Soma, Haoma, Rig Veda, Avesta, Amanita, Muscaria